India’s legal framework for protecting fine art and cultural property includes key laws like the Antiquities and Art Treasures Act, 1972, which regulates the trade, export, and ownership of antiquities. The Copyright Act, 1957, ensures protection for contemporary art, while international conventions help prevent illicit trafficking and aid in the restitution of stolen artifacts.
Despite these laws, challenges persist with widespread illicit trafficking, lack of awareness, and inadequate enforcement resources. Smuggling of ancient artifacts and violations of registration requirements continue to threaten cultural property.
The restitution process for stolen artifacts remains complex, with international legal discrepancies and slow recovery. Strengthening global legal frameworks and enhancing law enforcement expertise is crucial to streamline the recovery of stolen cultural property.
